10 Filary wiedzy:
Mapa ludzkiej wiedzy
Author: Dr. Chaim Zins
Translation:
Editorial Comments by Grazyna Nawrocka:
- Pillar 2, Supernatural. In Poland, as well as in many other places, there is a strong difference between understanding of knowledge, science and belief. Usually for something to be recognized as a science it needs to be supported by body of evidence based on experiments. Scientific experiment is some action performed in controlled environment that will always return the same results (as I understand it). The title of Pillar 2 is therefore tricky to translate. Ultimately I would translate it "Wiedza o Zjawiskach Nadprzyrodzonych," (Knowledge), but again, how would you define knowledge. You could also translate it as "Wierzenia o Zjawiskach Nadprzyrodzonych" (Beliefs in Supernatural). It would be much easier task if you could define also "supernatural." For example we use termin "UFO" in Poland, we also use ghost ("duch," or "zjawa") gods ("bogowie"), goddesses ("boginie"), people from Mars ("marsjanie"). It seems that the whole category entails much more than it should...
By the way, I do suspect that in different countries hierarchy of sciences vary. I would expect that India might organize their knowledge/sciences quite differently, and religions other than Roman Catholic might interpret/percive "supernatural" as closer to reality that our Polish culture does.
- Pillar 6, Body and Mind. Biologia Czlowieka. We use in our schools the term "Nauka o Czlowieku" for "human biology", but "Biologia Czlowieka" can be used as well, it is just not so common.
Położnictwo. The term used commonly in Poland is "Ginekologia i Położnictwo" (Gynecology and Midwifery). Recently I have also seen "Neonatologia" in Polish sources.
- Pillar 8, Thought and Art. Translation is "Mysl i Sztuka." However, I would suggest that instead of "Thought" you used "Kultura," (culture). The reason I would suggest such a change is that commonly this is how we group/represent those ideas in Poland...
Drukarstwo. It is a part of typography. I would believe that when you study specific discipline, they teach you a little more that very narrow practical part. Typography is: print from printing machines, printing art, graphic structure of a book. In general, we use term "drukarstwo" seldom, and limit it to very technical part of the field (something like applied sciences). "Drukarstwo" is printing books or magazines and industry that includes all types of typesetting. (I took those definitions from the dictionary of Polish language available online, created by Polskie Wydawnictwo Naukowe (very respected authority in Poland).
Tkactwo. Please be aware that "Tapestry" in English is making artistic carpets While "Tkactwo" in English is "Weaving". Weaving is Textile art. In Polish language artistic carpets are called "gobeliny," and making them can be represented either by "Tkactwo gobelinowe" or "Gobeliniarstwo." Anyway, it is smaller discipline that belongs to "Tkactwo".
Drukarstwo. It is a part of typography. I would believe that when you study specific discipline, they teach you a little more that very narrow practical part. Typography is: print from printing machines, printing art, graphic structure of a book. In general, we use term "drukarstwo" seldom, and limit it to very technical part of the field (something like applied sciences). "Drukarstwo" is printing books or magazines and industry that includes all types of typesetting. (I took those definitions from the dictionary of Polish language available online, created by Polskie Wydawnictwo Naukowe (very respected authority in Poland).
Tkactwo. Please be aware that "Tapestry" in English is making artistic carpets While "Tkactwo" in English is "Weaving". Weaving is Textile art. In Polish language artistic carpets are called "gobeliny," and making them can be represented either by "Tkactwo gobelinowe" or "Gobeliniarstwo." Anyway, it is smaller discipline that belongs to "Tkactwo".
- Capital letters. Polish ortography requires that if you give something a title, it is all put in capital letters. For example the title of a chapter is capitalized. However, if it is a final list, not a title, only the first word is capitalized. I left Pilar names all in capitals, treating them as titles, and the rest of it I treated as final list.