Pillar 4: Space and earth
4.1 Theory (17)
• Cosmology
4.2 Space (18)
• Astronomy
•• Cosmological theory*
•• Astrophysics
•• Astrogeology
•• Astrobiology
•• Planetary science
4.3 Earth
4.3.1 Surface and substance (19)
• Physical geography
•• Atmospheric sciences
••• Climatology
••• Meteorology
•• Biogeography
•• Geomorphology
•• Hydrology
•• Oceanography
•• Pedology
•• Glaciology
•• Cartography
• Geology
•• Mineralogy
•• Petrology
••Structural geology
•• Volcanology
•• Geophysics
•••Seismology
•••Geodesy
•• Geochemistry
• Soil science: pedology
4.3.2 Interrelations (20)
• Agriculture
•• Horticulture
•• Forestry
•• Animal husbandry
•• Aquaculture
•• Fishery
• Environmental sciences (ecology)
• Natural hazards